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[The virus-immune hypothesis for cardiac dilatation]

M L Kozhevnikov1, V M Shipulin2, I V Sukhodolo3

  • 1Virion Research-and-Production Association, Branch, Microgen Research-and-Production Association, Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk, Russia.

Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
|December 21, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Viral infections can cause cardiac dilatation through direct cellular damage or immune responses. Herpesviruses and cytokines play key roles in viral myocarditis pathogenesis and cardiomyocyte injury.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cardiac dilatation is a serious condition with complex etiological factors.
  • Viral infections are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to heart disease.
  • Understanding the interplay between viral pathogens and the immune system is crucial for managing myocarditis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenetic role of viral infections in cardiac dilatation.
  • To elucidate the involvement of immune mechanisms at cellular, ultrastructural, and molecular levels.
  • To discuss the specific role of herpesvirus infections and cytokines in viral myocarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiomyocyte damage.
  • Examination of immunoinflammatory responses in viral myocarditis.

Main Results:

  • Viral infections contribute to cardiac dilatation via direct cardiomyocyte damage or indirect immunoinflammatory pathways.
  • Herpesvirus infections are implicated in cardiomyocyte injury.
  • Cytokines exhibit both protective and damaging effects in the immunopathogenesis of viral myocarditis.

Conclusions:

  • Viral infections, particularly herpesviruses, are significant factors in the development of cardiac dilatation.
  • Immune responses, modulated by cytokines, critically influence the progression of viral myocarditis.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can inform therapeutic strategies for viral heart disease.

Keywords:
cardiac dilatationcardiomyocyteherpesvirusmyocarditis

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