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Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
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Ultrastructural Features of Left Ventricle Cardiomyocytes in Preterm Newborn Rats.

V V Ivanova1, O N Serebryakova2, I V Sukhodolo2

  • 1Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russia. ivvera92@rambler.ru.

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Summary

Preterm birth in newborn rats causes ultrastructural damage to heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). These preterm cardiomyocytes show altered nucleus and cytoplasm size, along with mitochondrial and myofibrillar damage.

Keywords:
mitochondriamyocardiummyofibrilspreterm birthultrastructure

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Preterm birth presents significant challenges to neonatal adaptation.
  • Understanding the impact of preterm birth on cardiac development is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ultrastructural changes in left ventricular cardiomyocytes of preterm newborn rats.
  • To compare cardiomyocyte structure between preterm and full-term newborn rats.

Main Methods:

  • Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine cardiomyocyte structure.
  • Quantitative analysis of cellular components was performed.

Main Results:

  • Preterm rat cardiomyocytes exhibited a lower relative nuclear area and higher relative cytoplasmic area compared to full-term rats.
  • No significant differences were observed in the relative areas of myofibrils and mitochondria.
  • Ultrastructural damage, including damaged mitochondria, myofibrillar contracture, and cytoplasmic swelling, was evident in preterm cardiomyocytes on the first postnatal day.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth in rats leads to distinct ultrastructural alterations in cardiomyocytes.
  • These findings highlight the vulnerability of the preterm heart to the birthing process.