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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Biosynthesis of a Flavonol from a Flavanone by Establishing a One-pot Bienzymatic Cascade
Published on: August 14, 2019
TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1-Dependent Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis
Bipei Zhang1, Andrea Schrader2
1Botanical Institute, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str 47B, 50674 Cologne, Germany. bzhang1@smail.uni-koeln.de.
Abstract:
The flavonoid composition of various tissues throughout plant development is of biological relevance and particular interest for breeding. Arabidopsis thaliana TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (AtTTG1) is an essential regulator of late structural genes in flavonoid biosynthesis. Here, we provide a review of the regulation of the pathway's core enzymes through AtTTG1-containing R2R3-MYELOBLASTOSIS-basic HELIX-LOOP-HELIX-WD40 repeat (MBW(AtTTG1)) complexes embedded in an evolutionary context. We present a comprehensive collection of A. thalianattg1 mutants and AtTTG1 orthologs. A plethora of MBW(AtTTG1) mechanisms in regulating the five major TTG1-dependent traits is highlighted.
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