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Individual differences influence two-digit number processing, but not their analog magnitude processing: a

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Individual differences like first language, gaming habits, and gender significantly impact symbolic magnitude comparison performance. These factors, alongside age and math ability, influence how quickly and accurately people compare numbers.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Numerical Cognition
  • Individual Differences Research

Background:

  • Symbolic magnitude comparison is a core area in numerical cognition research.
  • While cognitive mechanisms are well-studied, individual differences influencing performance are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate individual differences affecting symbolic magnitude comparison.
  • To replicate known effects in a large-scale online study.

Main Methods:

  • A large-scale online study with 452 adults.
  • Two-digit number comparison task using a keyboard input.
  • Analysis of factors including first language, gaming time, gender, alcohol consumption, age, and mathematical ability.

Main Results:

  • Replicated distance, unit-decade compatibility, and cognitive control effects.
  • First language directionality, gaming time, gender, alcohol consumption, age, and math ability significantly influenced performance.
  • Left-to-right language speakers, gamers, males, younger adults, and those with higher math ability were generally faster.

Conclusions:

  • Online studies are viable for numerical cognition research.
  • Individual differences significantly modulate performance on symbolic magnitude comparison tasks, beyond domain-specific processing, with age being a notable exception.