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In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Taste-Induced Neural Responses in Adult Drosophila
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Calcium Taste Avoidance in Drosophila.

Youngseok Lee1, Seeta Poudel1, Yunjung Kim1

  • 1Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, BK21 PLUS Project, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.

Neuron
|December 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Fruit flies, like humans, can taste many things, but their ability to sense calcium (Ca2+) was unknown. This study reveals that fruit flies avoid high calcium levels, indicating a new taste sense.

Keywords:
DrosophilaPPK23calciumchemoreceptorgustatoryionotropic receptorlabellumtaste

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Biology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Animals possess diverse taste senses for detecting essential nutrients and avoiding toxins.
  • The gustatory perception of calcium (Ca2+) remains largely unexplored across species.
  • Drosophila melanogaster serves as a model organism for investigating fundamental sensory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and mechanisms of calcium (Ca2+) taste perception in Drosophila melanogaster.
  • To identify the neural pathways and molecular components involved in Ca2+ taste detection.
  • To determine the behavioral significance of Ca2+ taste in fruit flies.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral assays to assess Drosophila's response to varying Ca2+ concentrations.
  • Electrophysiological recordings to measure neural activity in gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs).
  • Genetic manipulation of specific ionotropic receptor (IR) genes to examine their role in Ca2+ taste.

Main Results:

  • Drosophila melanogaster exhibits an aversive response to high concentrations of Ca2+.
  • Ca2+ taste repulsion is mediated by the activation of specific GRNs and the inhibition of sugar-GRNs.
  • The variant ionotropic receptor (IR) family, including IR25a, IR62a, and IR76b, is crucial for Ca2+ detection and aversion.
  • High Ca2+ levels were found to reduce survival rates in fruit flies.

Conclusions:

  • Gustatory detection of Ca2+ represents a novel taste sense in Drosophila.
  • This Ca2+ taste sense plays a vital role in avoiding potentially toxic levels of the mineral.
  • The findings contribute to our understanding of sensory perception and its ecological relevance in insects.