Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

43.8K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
43.8K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

7.1K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
7.1K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

9.2K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.2K
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

5.1K
The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
5.1K
Evolutionary Psychology01:20

Evolutionary Psychology

1.1K
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
1.1K
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

8.0K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
8.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Legume genome structures and histories inferred from Cercis canadensis and Chamaecrista fasciculata genomes.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

Genomic selection for seed yield enhances flax breeding efficiency.

Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement·2026
Same author

The Role of Methylacrylylated Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels in Promoting Skin Wound Healing.

Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR·2026
Same author

Branching-Process Modeling of Homology Distribution in Salmonid Genomes.

Journal of computational biology : a journal of computational molecular cell biology·2026
Same author

Melatonin mitigates cold damages by modulating the photosynthetic-photorespiratory supercycle and ROS/RNS homeostasis in Kandelia obovata.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB·2025
Same author

[Distribution characteristics of polymorphonuclear neutrophil pulmonary infiltration and the mechanism of neutrophil elastase in promoting lung injury in the early stages of severe burns].

Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
08:31

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

11.5K

Whole Genome Duplication in Plants: Implications for Evolutionary Analysis.

David Sankoff1, Chunfang Zheng2

  • 1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, 585 King Edward Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. sankoff@uottawa.ca.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Plants uniquely evolved through whole genome duplication (WGD) and gene loss (fractionation). This study explores WGD mechanisms, prevalence in flowering plants, and computational methods for analyzing these evolutionary events.

Keywords:
AngiospermBrassicaConsolidationCore eudicotsFractionationGene treesGenome aliquotingGenome halvingNelumboPhylogenyPineappleRearrangementTomato

More Related Videos

Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
10:34

Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis

Published on: March 15, 2019

24.1K
Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

20.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
08:31

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

11.5K
Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
10:34

Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis

Published on: March 15, 2019

24.1K
Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

20.6K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Computational biology

Background:

  • Plant evolution is characterized by recurrent whole genome duplication (WGD) events, unlike most other life forms.
  • This WGD is followed by massive duplicate gene loss, known as fractionation, shaping plant genomes.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for deciphering plant evolutionary history.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the mechanisms and biological consequences of WGD in plants.
  • To survey the prevalence of WGD across flowering plants.
  • To outline computational problems and mathematical models for analyzing WGD and fractionation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on WGD and fractionation mechanisms.
  • Survey of WGD prevalence in diverse plant lineages.
  • Identification of combinatorial optimization problems in computational biology for WGD analysis.
  • Mathematical modeling approaches for studying fractionation.

Main Results:

  • WGD is a recurring theme in plant evolution, significantly impacting genome structure.
  • Fractionation is a major force shaping the outcome of WGD events.
  • Computational and mathematical tools are essential for analyzing the complex data arising from WGD and fractionation.

Conclusions:

  • The cycle of WGD and fractionation is a defining feature of plant evolution.
  • Analysis of WGD requires sophisticated computational and mathematical approaches.
  • Further research into gene tree and species tree reconciliation is vital for understanding WGD's phylogenetic impact.