Adipokines in neurovascular diseases

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Cardiovascular Biology
• Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

• Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ, secreting adipokines.
• Adipokines influence inflammation, metabolic balance, and cardiovascular health.
• Dysfunctional adipose tissue is linked to endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and ischemic stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the biological roles of adipokines.
• To discuss the link between adipose tissue dysfunction and cardiometabolic diseases.
• To explore adipokines as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of adipokines and their roles in cardiovascular homeostasis.
• Analysis of the relationship between adipokines, inflammation, and metabolic imbalance.
• Discussion of adipokines in the context of endothelial damage, atherosclerosis, and ischemic stroke.

Main Results:

• Leptin, adiponectin, and resistin are key adipokines in cardiovascular regulation.
• Leptin and adiponectin exhibit both pro- and anti-atherogenic effects.
• Resistin is a pro-inflammatory cytokine linked to poor outcomes in cardiovascular disease.
• Novel adipokines like apelin and visfatin are associated with acute ischemic stroke.

Conclusions:

• Adipokines play a critical role in the development of cardiometabolic diseases.
• Adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to endothelial damage and atherosclerosis.
• Adipokines represent promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.