Retroperitoneal ectopic brain: Case report and literature review
Cristina Díaz Del Arco1, Luis Ortega Medina1, Issa Subhi-Issa Ahmad1
1Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Diagnostic Cytopathology
|December 28, 2017
Summary
Retroperitoneal heterotopic neural tissue (HNT) is rare. This study describes the first case diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology, detailing its unique cellular features and successful surgical removal in an infant.
Area of Science:
- Pathology
- Cytopathology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Heterotopic neural tissue (HNT) is uncommon, with only two prior retroperitoneal cases documented in literature.
- Cytological descriptions of retroperitoneal HNT are lacking, necessitating further investigation into its diagnostic features.
Observation:
- A male infant presented with a 3.8 cm retroperitoneal solid-cystic lesion identified via ultrasound.
- Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology revealed a highly cellular specimen with fibrillary material, small cells with irregular nuclei, multinucleated cells, neuronal morphology, calcifications, and hemosiderophages.
Findings:
- Histological examination confirmed fibrillary areas, glial cells, neurons, and ependymal cells.
- Immunohistochemistry demonstrated distinct expression of Synaptophysin, GFAP, and EMA in specific cellular components.
- The resected lesion showed no evidence of recurrence post-surgery.
Implications:
- This case expands the understanding of HNT presentation and diagnosis in the retroperitoneum.
- FNA cytology can be a valuable tool for diagnosing retroperitoneal HNT, guiding surgical management.
- Early diagnosis and complete resection appear to lead to favorable outcomes, preventing recurrence.
Keywords:
ectopic brainectopic neural tissuefine-needle aspiration cytologyglial heterotopiaretroperitoneumMore Related Videos
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