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Selfish X chromosomes and speciation.

Manus M Patten1

  • 1Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

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|December 28, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Meiotic drive systems, initially doubted, now explain hybrid incompatibilities like Haldane's rule. Conflicts involving the X chromosome and autosomes also contribute to reproductive isolation and speciation.

Keywords:
Haldane's ruleintragenomic conflictlarge X-effectmeiotic driveselfish genetic elements

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Speciation research
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Haldane's rule and the large X-effect in hybrids were historically unexplained.
  • Meiotic drive systems, comprising selfish meiotic drivers and suppressors, were proposed as a unifying explanation.
  • Initial skepticism and lack of empirical evidence hindered acceptance of the meiotic drive model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence supporting the meiotic drive model of speciation.
  • To explore the role of intragenomic conflicts, particularly involving the X chromosome, in hybrid incompatibilities.
  • To present additional mechanisms beyond meiotic drive contributing to reproductive isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of meiotic drive systems and hybrid sterility.
  • Analysis of empirical evidence for the meiotic drive model.
  • Theoretical exploration of X-autosome conflicts in speciation.

Main Results:

  • Meiotic drive systems provide mechanistic explanations for hybrid male sterility.
  • Evidence suggests a significant role for meiotic drive in several cases of hybrid sterility.
  • Sexually and parentally antagonistic selection create X-autosome conflicts, driving divergence and hybrid incompatibilities.

Conclusions:

  • Meiotic drive is a key factor in hybrid incompatibilities and speciation.
  • Intragenomic conflicts involving the X chromosome, including sexual and parental antagonism, contribute to reproductive isolation.
  • These conflicts promote co-evolution within and divergence between populations, increasing hybrid incompatibility likelihood.