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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
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Orthographic effects in second-language spoken-word recognition.

Qingqing Qu1, Zhanling Cui2, Markus F Damian3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|December 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Orthographic information impacts spoken word processing in both native (L1) and nonnative (L2) languages. This study found that orthography plays a more significant role in nonnative spoken word recognition than in native recognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Orthographic effects on spoken word processing are established in native languages (L1).
  • Limited evidence exists for orthographic influences in nonnative language (L2) spoken word processing.
  • L2 learning may involve simultaneous acquisition of sound and spelling, potentially altering orthographic influence compared to L1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of orthography in nonnative spoken word recognition.
  • To compare the magnitude of orthographic effects in L2 versus L1 spoken word processing.
  • To determine if orthographic information is accessed involuntarily during L2 spoken word recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Tibetan Chinese bilinguals performed a spoken word meaning judgment task.
  • Participants heard spoken word pairs, some of which were orthographically related despite being semantically unrelated.
  • Response latencies were measured to assess the impact of orthographic overlap.

Main Results:

  • Orthographic overlap between unrelated spoken word pairs significantly increased response latencies.
  • The observed orthographic effect was more pronounced in L2 listeners compared to previously reported L1 listener data.
  • This suggests involuntary access to orthographic information during spoken word recognition.

Conclusions:

  • Orthographic information is involuntarily accessed during both native and nonnative spoken word recognition.
  • Orthographic effects appear to be more significant in nonnative (L2) spoken word processing than in native (L1) processing.
  • These findings highlight the crucial role of orthography in second language spoken word recognition.