Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Immunoglobulin Gene Sequence Analysis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Patient Material To Sequence Interpretation
Published on: November 26, 2018
The TGF-beta - SMAD pathway is inactivated in cronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
A Matveeva1, L Kovalevska1, I Kholodnyuk2
1R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine.
Aim:
To study the status of the tumor growth factor beta (TGFB) pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and to uncover molecular details underlying CLL cell genesis.
Objects And Methods:
The study was conducted on peripheral blood samples of patients with CLL using the following methods: RNA isolation, analysis of expression of transcription factors using RT2 profiler assay, bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data bases on expression.
Results:
We have shown that the TGFB - SMAD canonical pathway is not active in CLL cells. SMAD-responsive genes, such as BCL2L1 (BCL-XL), CCND2 (Cyclin D2), and MYC, are down-regulated in CLL cells compared with peripheral blood B cells of healthy donors.
Conclusions:
The TGFB-mediated signaling is not active in CLL cells due to low (or absent) expression of SMAD1, -4, -5, -9, and ATF-3. Expression and phosphorylation status of SMAD2 and -3 should be further elucidated in the future studies.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
X-Inactivation
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
C4 Pathway and CAM
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
Other Glycolytic Pathways
Respiration Pathways

