[Pedicle exposure technique for atlas screw fixation:a radiological research]

To investigate the meaning of pedicle exposure technique for screw fixation on atlas with the vertebral groove height less than 4 mm by using reconstructive computed tomography.

From April 2015 to June 2015, 84 pedicles of 51 patients with groove heights less than 4 mm were studied by digital reconstruction respectively. Parameters of atlas pedicle screw fixation were measured.

Among the 51 cases, the vertebral groove height was (3.28±0.51) mm. Lateral mass heights, lateral mass widths and the transition area heights between lateral mass and posterior arch were fit for 3.5 mm screw implanting. Ideal pedicle screw trajectory lengths from 0° to 15° (0°, 5°, 10°, 15°) were (27.36±1.81), (27.01±1.68), (27.07±1.75), (27.48±1.72) mm, exposed trajectory lengths from 0° to 15°(0°, 5°, 10°, 15°) were(23.44±1.79), (23.87±1.84), (24.58±1.89), (25.56±2.01) mm, trajectory length of lateral mass was (20.78±2.05) mm. The mean CT values on 5 sections through pedicle trajectory and lateral mass trajectory were (701.89±141.48) HU and (599.11±137.33) HU, respectively. There were no significant differences between ideal pedicle trajectory lengths from 0° to 15°(P>0.05). Exposed trajectory lengths was significantly increased accompanying with medial angles increasing (P<0.05), and was longer than trajectory lengths of lateral mass (P<0.05). CT value of pedicle screws was higher than CT value of lateral mass screws significantly (P<0.01).

Screws can be implanted in atlas with vertebral groove height less than 4 mm by using pedicle exposure technique. Few trajectory lengths will be sacrificed with favorable pull out strength due to adequate bone mass purchased.