Trunnion corrosion: what surgeons need to know in 2018

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

• Trunnionosis is a significant complication in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA).
• It accounts for approximately 2% of the revision THA burden.
• Understanding causative factors is crucial for improving implant longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a surgically relevant update on trunnionosis.
• To review current understanding of trunnionosis etiology and contributing factors.
• To inform clinical practice and future implant design.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of literature.
• Data collection and analysis focused on trunnionosis in THA.
• Review conducted in April 2017.

Main Results:

• Trunnionosis represents about 2% of revision THA cases.
• Thinner and shorter trunnions may promote mechanically assisted corrosion.
• High offset implants, large heads, and mixed metallurgy are potential contributing factors.

Conclusions:

• The multifactorial nature of trunnionosis makes identifying specific risk factors challenging.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay of factors.
• Clinical awareness and careful implant selection are important for mitigating risks.