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[Inflammation and atherosclerosis – last piece of the puzzle has fallen into place]

Lena Jonasson1, Göran Hansson2

  • 1Universitetssjukhuset i Linköping Kardiologiska kliniken - Linköping, Sweden - Linköping, Sweden.

Lakartidningen
|January 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis. The CANTOS trial demonstrated that targeting interleukin-1β with canacinumab significantly reduced cardiovascular events, proving inflammation is a treatable cause of atherosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Inflammation is a known component of atherosclerotic lesions.
  • Inflammatory biomarkers predict cardiovascular disease risk.
  • The causal role of inflammation in atherosclerosis remained uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if inflammation is a driving force in atherosclerosis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of targeting a key inflammatory pathway in cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • The CANTOS trial investigated canacinumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
  • Participants received canacinumab or placebo.
  • Recurrent cardiovascular events were compared between groups.

Main Results:

  • Canacinumab treatment significantly lowered the rate of recurrent cardiovascular events compared to placebo.
  • This outcome provides strong evidence for the role of IL-1β in atherosclerosis pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β is an effective strategy in managing atherosclerosis.
  • Inflammation is confirmed as a treatable pathogenetic mechanism in cardiovascular disease.

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