Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft

Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft

Effective lubrication between a rotating shaft and its bearing housing is essential in rotating machinery to minimize friction, wear, and energy loss. With carefully controlled thickness and viscosity, the lubricant layer prevents metal-to-metal contact, ensuring smooth operation.
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...

Bystander Effect

Bystander Effect

The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.

Egoism and Altruism

Egoism and Altruism

Voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people is called prosocial behavior. Why do people help other people? Is personal benefit such as feeling good about oneself the only reason people help one another?

Group Design

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...

Social Exchange Theory

Social Exchange Theory

We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).

Cognitive Dissonance

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Learning to select computations in recurrent neural circuits.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Using economic value signals from primate prefrontal cortex in neuro-engineering applications.

Journal of neural engineering·2025

Same author

Orbitofrontal High-Gamma Reflects Spike-Dissociable Value and Decision Mechanisms.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025

Same author

Orbitofrontal high-gamma reflects spike-dissociable value and decision mechanisms.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Same author

Behavioral read-out from population value signals in primate orbitofrontal cortex.

Nature neuroscience·2023

Same author

Monkeys exhibit human-like gaze biases in economic decisions.

eLife·2023

Same journal

Dynamic coordination and segregation mechanisms in higher cortex for parallel task processing.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Higher-order thalamic bursts are drivers of attention control.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Composing trajectories for rapid inference of navigational goals.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Peri-head distance coding in the mouse brainstem.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

A two-timepoint framework for sensitive and specific single-cell activity screening.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

From first impressions to bonds: The neural dynamics of social relationships.

Neuron·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

Published on: September 16, 2013

How the Midbrain Helps Us Decide.

Vincent B McGinty¹

¹Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University - Newark, 197 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

|January 5, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons in the superior colliculus encode the choice criterion, a measure of decision bias. This neurophysiological finding influences how we understand choice behavior and signal detection theory.

More Related Videos

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

Published on: September 16, 2013

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Science
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

The superior colliculus is a brain region involved in sensorimotor control and decision-making.
Understanding the neural basis of decision bias is crucial for explaining choice behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how neurons in the superior colliculus contribute to choice behavior.
To determine if the superior colliculus encodes decision bias parameters.

Main Methods:

Behavioral experiments measuring choice behavior.
Computational modeling to quantify decision bias (choice criterion).
Neurophysiological recordings from the superior colliculus.

Main Results:

Neurons in the superior colliculus encode the choice criterion, a key parameter in signal detection theory.
This encoding directly influences an individual's decision bias.
The findings link neural activity to a specific computational aspect of decision-making.

Conclusions:

The superior colliculus plays a critical role in shaping choice behavior by encoding decision bias.
This study provides a neurophysiological basis for understanding decision bias within the framework of signal detection theory.