3.5 GHz Environmental Sensing Capability Detection Thresholds and Deployment
Thao T Nguyen1, Michael R Souryal1, Anirudha Sahoo1
1Communications Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking
|January 6, 2018
Summary
Environmental sensing capability (ESC) networks ensure spectrum sharing in the 3.5 GHz band. This study optimizes ESC sensor placement and detection thresholds to protect incumbent shipborne radar systems from interference.
Area of Science:
- Wireless communication
- Electromagnetic compatibility
- Radar systems
Background:
- Spectrum sharing in the 3.5 GHz band requires an environmental sensing capability (ESC) to detect incumbent shipborne radar.
- The sensitivity of ESC sensors is affected by aggregate interference from commercial systems.
- A comprehensive study on aggregate interference in realistic scenarios and its impact on radar detection is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop systematic methods for determining ESC sensor placement and detection thresholds.
- To ensure adequate protection for incumbent shipborne radar systems from harmful interference.
- To analyze the impact of aggregate interference on radar signal detection requirements.
Main Methods:
- Utilized terrain-based propagation models and a population-based deployment model.
- Formulated sensor placement as a set cover problem, applying a greedy algorithm for practical solutions.
- Determined offshore protection trigger distances and related them to coastline sensor detection levels.
Main Results:
- Identified optimal offshore distances for triggering protective measures.
- Demonstrated that sensor placement is an NP-complete set cover problem with efficient greedy algorithm solutions.
- Found that required detection thresholds can be up to 22 dB lower than current industry standards.
Conclusions:
- The presented methodology provides systematic approaches for ESC sensor placement and detection threshold determination.
- Results offer practical solutions for optimizing ESC deployment to protect shipborne radar systems.
- The findings are valuable for ESC operators and regulators in planning, deployment, and performance testing.
Related Concept Videos
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
56.2K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.2K
01:26Introduction to Special Senses
7.7K
Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
7.7K
01:27Tactile and Chemical Senses
881
Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
881
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
1.2K
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
1.2K
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
977
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
977
01:28Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
713
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
713