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Collective Excitations of Self-Bound Droplets of a Dipolar Quantum Fluid
D Baillie1, R M Wilson2, P B Blakie1
1Department of Physics, Centre for Quantum Science, and Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Abstract:
We calculate the collective excitations of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in the regime where it self-binds into droplets stabilized by quantum fluctuations. We show that the filament-shaped droplets act as a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide along which low-angular-momentum phonons propagate. The evaporation (unbinding) threshold occurring as the atom number N is reduced to the critical value N_{c} is associated with a monopolelike excitation going soft as ε_{0}∼(N-N_{c})^{1/4}. Considering the system in the presence of a trapping potential, we quantify the crossover from a trap-bound condensate to a self-bound droplet.
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