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Complications in Orthognathic Surgery.

Sergio Olate1,2, Eder Sigua2, Luciana Asprino2

  • 1Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

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Summary
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Orthognathic surgery is generally safe, with a 12.4% complication rate observed in patients treated by surgeons in training. Most complications were minor, indicating the procedure

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Surgical Complications
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Orthognathic surgery corrects jaw and facial irregularities.
  • Assessing complication rates is crucial for surgical training and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence and types of complications in orthognathic surgery performed by surgeons in training.
  • To evaluate the safety profile of orthognathic procedures during the learning curve.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 250 patients' clinical records from 2005-2014.
  • Inclusion of patients undergoing conventional orthognathic surgery with bidimensional analysis.
  • Identification and statistical analysis (chi-squared, Student t-tests) of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Main Results:

  • A 12.4% overall complication rate was observed, excluding relapse and orthodontic device issues.
  • Intraoperative complications occurred in 8% of cases, and postoperative complications in 10.4%.
  • Sensorineural alterations were significantly associated with mandibular surgery (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Orthognathic surgery performed by surgeons in training demonstrates a relatively low complication rate.
  • The findings support the safety of orthognathic procedures when supervised during surgical education.
  • Continuous monitoring and analysis of complications are vital for improving surgical training protocols.