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Cognitive demands in automation.

P S Tsang¹, W W Johnson

¹Department of Psychology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|February 1, 1989

Summary

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This study shows how automation affects human cognitive workload. Understanding cognitive demands is key for effective automation design and task analysis.

Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Cognitive Psychology
Automation Engineering

Background:

Increasing automation alters task complexity and cognitive demands on human operators.
Understanding these cognitive shifts is crucial for designing effective automated systems.
Previous research has explored workload but often lacks a nuanced task analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of varying automation levels on subjective workload.
To evaluate the utility of the multiple resource approach for task analysis in automated environments.
To inform automation design by linking cognitive demands to performance and workload.

Main Methods:

Utilized a variety of tasks including continuous flight control, discrete target acquisition, and decision-making.

Related Experiment Videos

Tasks were performed individually and in combination to tax different cognitive systems.

Measured performance and subjective workload using three distinct workload scales across different automation levels.

Main Results:

The multiple resource approach proved useful for analyzing task demands.
All three workload scales effectively detected variations in task demands.
The Bedford scale demonstrated a strong ability to differentiate between cognitive resource demands.

Conclusions:

Subjective workload ratings and multiple resource model predictions are valuable for automation design decisions.
The findings support the integration of cognitive workload assessment in the automation design process.
Tailoring automation based on cognitive resource demands can optimize human-operator performance.