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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

7.9K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

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Transforming a transcription factor.

Robert D Burke1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.

Elife
|January 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new domain in a sea urchin transcription factor. This novel domain is crucial for regulating embryonic skeleton formation, offering insights into developmental biology.

Keywords:
Alx1 transcription factordevelopmental biologyevolutionevolutionary biologyexon extensiongene duplicationgenomicssea urchinsskeletogenesisstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Evolutionary developmental biology
  • Marine biology

Background:

  • Sea urchins are key model organisms for studying embryonic development.
  • Skeleton formation (skeletogenesis) is a complex process involving precise gene regulation.
  • Transcription factors play critical roles in controlling gene expression during development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying skeleton formation in sea urchin embryos.
  • To identify novel regulatory elements or domains within transcription factors involved in skeletogenesis.
  • To understand the evolutionary adaptations of transcription factors in marine invertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis in sea urchin embryos.
  • Protein domain analysis and comparative genomics.
  • Functional assays to test the role of the novel domain in skeletogenesis.

Main Results:

  • A specific transcription factor was identified as a key regulator of embryonic skeleton formation.
  • A previously uncharacterized protein domain within this transcription factor was discovered.
  • This new domain was found to be essential for the transcription factor's function in skeletogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of a new protein domain has enabled a transcription factor to regulate skeleton formation in sea urchin embryos.
  • This finding highlights the role of domain evolution in generating novel biological functions.
  • The study provides a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of skeletal development in echinoderms.