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Experimental models of testicular development and function using human tissue and cells.

Melissa D Tharmalingam¹, Anne Jorgensen², Rod T Mitchell³

¹MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

|January 9, 2018

Summary

This review details methods for studying human testicular cells and tissues to understand male reproductive health and disorders. It emphasizes the need for human models due to species differences in testicular function.

Keywords:

Human In-vitro culture Testis Transplantation

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Developmental Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

The mammalian testis produces gametes and hormones, regulated by germ and somatic cells within the stem cell niche.
Human testicular dysfunction is linked to male reproductive disorders like infertility and cancer.
Rodent models offer insights but species differences necessitate human testicular tissue studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental approaches for maintaining human testicular cells and tissues.
To discuss key endpoints for assessing testicular function and development.
To highlight the use of these models for studying environmental impacts on the testis.

Main Methods:

Outlining experimental techniques for sustaining human testicular cells and tissues across developmental stages.
Defining relevant endpoints including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and hormonal function.
Utilizing human-derived models for toxicological and environmental exposure studies.

Main Results:

Established methods allow for the study of human testicular cells and tissues in vitro.
Key endpoints provide comprehensive assessment of testicular cell lineage and function.
Human models are valuable for predicting environmental effects on male reproductive health.

Conclusions:

Experimental models using human testicular tissues are crucial for understanding male reproductive health and disorders.
These models facilitate research into species-specific testicular development and function.
Human testicular cell and tissue culture methods support the investigation of environmental influences on male fertility.