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Brassinosteroids regulate glucosinolate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Ji H Lee1, Jeongyeo Lee2, HyeRan Kim2
1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Physiologia Plantarum
|January 10, 2018
Summary
Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant defense compounds called glucosinolates (GS). This study shows BRs influence GS levels, impacting insect herbivory and plant resistance to pests like the diamondback moth.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Hormone Signaling
- Chemical Ecology
Background:
- Plants utilize phytohormones like brassinosteroids (BRs) for growth, development, and stress responses.
- Brassinosteroids (BRs) are crucial plant steroid hormones involved in various life processes and stress adaptations.
- Insect herbivory presents a significant environmental stress that plants must manage through defense mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in regulating glucosinolate (GS) biosynthesis and their function in insect herbivory.
- To determine how BR signaling impacts plant defense against insect herbivores.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which BRs modulate GS profiles in plants.
Main Methods:
- Utilized preference tests and larval feeding experiments with diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) on Arabidopsis thaliana mutants and wild-type plants.
- Quantified glucosinolate (GS) profiles in different plant genotypes using chemical analysis.
- Monitored the expression of key GS biosynthetic genes (MAM1, MAM3, BCAT4, AOP2) in response to brassinolide (BL) treatment in Arabidopsis and radish.
Main Results:
- Arabidopsis thaliana brassinosteroid insensitive 1 (bri1-5) mutants were preferred by diamondback moth larvae, leading to increased larval weight.
- Significant alterations in glucosinolate (GS) profiles were observed in bri1-5 mutants, with higher levels of 3-(methylsulfinyl) propyl GS (C3) and lower levels of sinigrin, glucoerucin, and glucobrassicin.
- Brassinolide (BL) treatment upregulated the expression of GS biosynthetic genes (MAM1, MAM3, BCAT4, AOP2) in a dose-dependent manner in both Arabidopsis and radish.
Conclusions:
- Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a significant role in regulating glucosinolate (GS) biosynthesis and profiles in plants.
- BR-mediated regulation of GS impacts plant defense strategies against insect herbivores.
- These findings highlight BRs as key regulators of plant chemical defenses, influencing interactions with insect pests.
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