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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

50.1K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

53.0K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
53.0K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.0K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
21.0K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.9K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

132.5K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
132.5K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.4K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The Effect of Anodization Parameters on the Aluminum Oxide Dielectric Layer of Thin-Film Transistors
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The Effect of Anodization Parameters on the Aluminum Oxide Dielectric Layer of Thin-Film Transistors

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Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductor for Li-Metal Anode Protection.

Jianhua Yan1,2, Jianyong Yu2, Bin Ding1,2

  • 1College of Textile, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200131, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|January 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel mixed ionic and electronic ceramic conductor (MIEC) coating to stabilize lithium metal anodes, preventing dendrite growth and corrosion for safer, high-performance lithium batteries.

Keywords:
LLTOLi-dendritesLi-metal batteriesmixed ionic and electronic ceramic conductors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Ceramic Engineering

Background:

  • Lithium metal anodes offer the highest energy density for batteries.
  • Dendritic lithium growth and electrolyte corrosion pose significant safety risks.
  • Stabilizing lithium metal anodes is crucial for advanced battery development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective strategy for stabilizing lithium metal anodes.
  • To create an ultrathin, conformal coating to prevent lithium dendrite formation and corrosion.
  • To enhance the safety and performance of lithium metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Sintering single-crystal LLTO nanoparticles to form an ultrathin ceramic film.
  • Introducing toluene as a catalyst to induce chemical reactions and create mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (MIEC) in the LLTO film.
  • Forming a hybrid LLTO/Li anode with a stable interface.

Main Results:

  • An ultrathin, conformal LLTO-based MIEC ceramic film was successfully fabricated.
  • The MIEC film effectively blocked lithium corrosion and suppressed lithium dendrite growth.
  • The hybrid anode demonstrated excellent stability, buffering ion gradients and leveling current distribution.
  • Achieved a high Coulombic efficiency of 98% in lithium metal batteries.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MIEC ceramic film strategy offers a viable solution for stabilizing lithium metal anodes.
  • This approach significantly enhances the safety and efficiency of lithium metal batteries.
  • The findings provide a new pathway for designing advanced anode materials for next-generation batteries.