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Ribosomal Protein S12e Has a Distinct Function in Cell Competition.

Abhijit Kale1, Zhejun Ji1, Marianthi Kiparaki1

  • 1Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.

Developmental Cell
|January 10, 2018
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Summary

Ribosomal protein S12 (RpS12) plays a unique role in Drosophila cell competition. Altering RpS12 gene dose can trigger competition between Minute cells, revealing its special function in determining cell competitiveness.

Keywords:
Drosophila developmentRpS12S12ecell competitionribosomal protein

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cell competition is a process where superior cells eliminate inferior ones in genetic mosaics.
  • Ribosomal protein mutations, termed "Minute" mutations, typically result in cells being outcompeted by wild-type cells.
  • The specific role of individual ribosomal proteins in cell competition remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of ribosomal protein S12 (RpS12) in Drosophila cell competition.
  • To determine if RpS12 has a unique role compared to other ribosomal proteins in mediating cell competition.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which RpS12 influences cell competitiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Drosophila genetic mosaics to study cell competition.
  • Introducing heterozygous mutations in rpS12 and observing their interaction with wild-type cells.
  • Manipulating the gene dose of rpS12 in Minute mutant cells to assess its effect on competition.

Main Results:

  • Wild-type cells did not compete against cells heterozygous for rpS12 mutations.
  • A specific missense mutation in rpS12 conferred protection to Minute cells against wild-type competition.
  • Altering the gene dose of rpS12 induced competition among Minute cells, eliminating those with higher RpS12 levels.

Conclusions:

  • RpS12 possesses a distinct function in cell competition, defining cellular competitiveness.
  • Cell competition between wild-type and Minute cells may be initiated by a ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency signal mediated by RpS12.
  • RpS12 is not required for cell competition mediated by Myc levels, suggesting diverse mechanisms for different types of cell competition.