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Cognitive Demands Influence Lower Extremity Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump Task in Female Athletes
The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|January 12, 2018
Summary
Adding cognitive demands to the drop vertical jump task alters lower extremity mechanics. This suggests current anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk screening may need to incorporate sport-specific cognitive challenges.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Sports Medicine
- Motor Control
Background:
- The drop vertical jump (DVJ) is a common tool for screening anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk.
- Its predictive validity is limited, potentially due to a lack of cognitive challenges mirroring sports participation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how additional cognitive demands influence lower extremity mechanics during the DVJ task.
- To assess if cognitive load can enhance DVJ's utility in ACL injury risk screening.
Main Methods:
- Twenty healthy women (18-25 years) performed standard DVJ and DVJ with added cognitive tasks (attending to an overhead goal and/or decision-making under temporal constraints).
- Three-dimensional ground reaction forces and lower extremity kinematics were analyzed and compared across conditions.
Main Results:
- An overhead goal condition led to higher peak vertical ground reaction forces and lower peak knee flexion angles.
- Cognitive demands (overhead goal and/or decision-making) increased peak knee abduction angles compared to the standard DVJ.
Conclusions:
- Imposing cognitive demands during the DVJ task alters lower extremity biomechanics, potentially increasing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) loading.
- DVJ tasks for ACL injury risk screening may be improved by incorporating cognitive demands that reflect real sports environments.
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