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Related Concept Videos

Pain01:20

Pain

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Specific Heat01:16

Specific Heat

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The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or...
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Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance01:24

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Primary motives such as sleep, sex, and pain avoidance are crucial drivers of behavior in humans and animals. These motives ensure survival, reproductive success, and overall well-being by prompting actions that meet essential bodily needs.
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Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid01:27

Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid

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Density, specific weight, specific gravity, and compressibility are fundamental properties of fluids. Density is the mass per unit volume, characterizing the mass of a fluid system. It influences buoyancy, pressure, flow dynamics, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and sound propagation. For instance, in pipeline design, accurate density measurements ensure that the pipeline can handle the fluid's mass.
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram
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Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

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Non-Specific Low Back Pain.

Jean-François Chenot1, Bernhard Greitemann, Bernd Kladny

  • 1* All members of the National Care Guideline development group for nonspecific back pain are listed in eBox 1; Section Family Medicine, Institute for Community Medicine, University Hospital of Greifswald; Klinik Münsterland, DRV Westfalen; Department of Orthopedics, Fachklinik Herzogenaurach; ain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Gööttingen; German Agency for Quality in Medicine (AQuMed/ÄZQ), Berlin.

Deutsches Arzteblatt International
|January 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The German Disease Management Guideline (NDMG) for non-specific low back pain emphasizes prompt diagnosis and active treatment. It advises against unnecessary tests and promotes physician-led, patient-informed care with lifestyle changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Evidence-based medicine
  • Clinical practice guidelines

Background:

  • Low back pain is a primary cause of work absence and rehabilitation.
  • The German Disease Management Guideline (NDMG) aims to enhance treatment for non-specific low back pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update and provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of non-specific low back pain.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of systematic reviews.
  • Development of recommendations by 29 medical societies and organizations.
  • Formal consensus process for approval.

Main Results:

  • No further diagnostic evaluation is needed if history and physical exam show no red flags.
  • Passive treatments should be combined with active measures or avoided.
  • Pharmacological treatment should use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration.

Conclusions:

  • Physician oversight is crucial for the care process.
  • Patient education and informed consent are essential.
  • Encouraging a healthy lifestyle, including physical exercise, is recommended.