Thrombin@Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for use as a hemostatic agent in internal bleeding

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Hematology

Background:

• Internal bleeding is a major cause of mortality.
• Current treatments for internal bleeding can be invasive and complex.
• Novel hemostatic agents are needed for minimally invasive interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate magnetic nanoparticles for targeted internal bleeding treatment.
• To assess the hemostatic efficacy and biocompatibility of thrombin-loaded magnetite nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

• Synthesized magnetic nanoparticles by entrapping human thrombin (THR) in a magnetite matrix.
• Characterized nanoparticles for size (<200 nm) and colloidization.
• Evaluated protrombotic activity and plasma coagulation in vitro.
• Tested hemostatic efficacy in a model blood vessel system with external magnetic field application.
• Assessed biocompatibility using HELF and HeLa cells.

Main Results:

• Prepared magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated protrombotic activity and induced plasma coagulation.
• The THR@ferria composite, when concentrated by a magnetic field, significantly accelerated local hemostasis.
• In a model vessel, hemostasis time was reduced by a factor of 6.5 compared to controls.
• Biocompatibility tests showed no toxic effects on tested cell lines.

Conclusions:

• Magnetic hemostatic nanoparticles offer a promising approach for minimally invasive treatment of internal bleeding.
• Targeted delivery and magnetic field concentration enhance hemostatic efficiency.
• The developed nanoparticles are biocompatible and effective in accelerating blood clotting.