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Related Concept Videos

Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

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Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
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Delayed Puberty.

Alyssa M Dye, Grace B Nelson, Alicia Diaz-Thomas

    Pediatric Annals
    |January 12, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Delayed puberty, affecting 2% of adolescents, is diagnosed when physical signs of puberty are significantly absent. Understanding its causes, like constitutional delay, is crucial for pediatricians.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Endocrinology
    • Adolescent Medicine
    • Reproductive Health

    Background:

    • Delayed puberty affects approximately 2% of adolescents.
    • It is defined as the absence of physical signs of puberty 2 to 2.5 standard deviations above the mean age.
    • Key causes include hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide general pediatricians with essential knowledge on delayed puberty.
    • To outline the different causes of delayed puberty.
    • To guide initial evaluation steps for patients presenting with delayed puberty.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current medical literature on delayed puberty.
    • Classification of delayed puberty causes.

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  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches for pediatricians.

    • Main Results:

    • Constitutional delay of growth and puberty is the most common cause.
    • Delayed puberty is broadly categorized into hypergonadotropic and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
    • A systematic approach to evaluation is necessary.

    Conclusions:

    • General pediatricians require a clear understanding of delayed puberty causes.
    • Knowledge of initial evaluation steps is critical for timely diagnosis and management.
    • Prompt recognition and assessment are vital for adolescent health.