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Cognitive functioning: is it all or none?
Isabel M Introzzi1, María M Richard S2, Ana Comesaña2
1National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Institute of Applied and Basic Psychology and Technology (IPSIBAT), National University of Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Viamonte 3845, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina. isabelintrozzi@gmail.com.
Psychological Research
|January 14, 2018
Summary
Adults exhibit a default global cognitive processing mode, similar to children, which becomes less precise in demanding situations. This global mode shifts to a controlled, analytical processing when greater discrimination is required.
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Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- The All or None Hypothesis describes a global, imprecise cognitive system.
- Evidence exists for this in children, but not extensively in adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the All or None Hypothesis in adult populations.
- To determine if corollaries apply to middle-aged adults.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 73 adults (ages 18-57).
- Utilized a modified arrows test to analyze three corollaries of the hypothesis.
Main Results:
- Results support the analyzed corollaries in adults.
- Adults default to a global, less differentiated response mode.
- This global mode is replaced by controlled processing for analytical tasks.
Conclusions:
- Adult cognitive systems operate in a global, default mode.
- Cognitive processing shifts to a controlled, differentiated mode when needed.
- The All or None Hypothesis appears applicable to adult populations.