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Cardiovascular adjustments during anticipated postural changes.

Neesirg M Patel1, Ethan A G Baker1, Samuel R Wittman1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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|January 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anticipating passive head-up tilts does not trigger anticipatory cardiovascular responses like heart rate or carotid artery blood flow changes. These adjustments appear to rely on feedback mechanisms, not feedforward control, during postural changes.

Keywords:
Anticipationcerebral blood flowconditioned cardiovascular responseorthostatic hypotensionsympathetic nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Feedforward cardiovascular responses are known at exercise onset.
  • The occurrence of feedforward responses during other movement types remains unclear.
  • Understanding anticipatory cardiovascular control is crucial for various physiological states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if feedforward cardiovascular responses occur during anticipated passive head-up tilts.
  • To test the hypothesis that heart rate and carotid artery blood flow (CBF) changes precede passive tilt onset.
  • To determine if anticipation of passive postural changes influences cardiovascular adjustments.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects were exposed to a light cue preceding passive 60° head-up tilts.
  • Heart rate and carotid artery blood flow (CBF) were measured before and during tilts.
  • Experiments involved thousands of trials over several months, including variations in tilt angle.

Main Results:

  • No systematic changes in CBF or heart rate were observed prior to the onset of passive head-up tilts.
  • Cardiovascular adjustments during passive tilts showed substantial variability over time.
  • Substituting smaller (20°) for larger (60°) tilts did not elicit exaggerated cardiovascular responses as hypothesized.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular adjustments during passive postural changes are primarily mediated by feedback mechanisms.
  • Anticipation of passive head-up tilts does not appear to initiate feedforward cardiovascular responses.
  • Feedforward control is not a significant mechanism for regulating cardiovascular responses to passive postural changes.