Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
05:52
Novel Mini-open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Published on: June 6, 2025
770
Adjacent intervertebral space infection after lumbar fusion
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Navy General Hospital, 100048, Beijing, China. xhknavy@hotmail.com.
Der Orthopade
|January 17, 2018
Summary
Adjacent level infections following spinal surgery can occur. Early diagnosis and prompt anti-infection treatment are crucial for successful management and patient recovery.
Area of Science:
- Spine Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Spinal surgical site infections are severe complications impacting patient recovery.
- Limited reports exist on adjacent segment infections post-spinal surgery.
Observation:
- A 68-year-old woman developed symptoms of surgical site infection one week after lumbar fusion.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed adjacent intervertebral disc infection.
Findings:
- Early, high-dose anti-infection treatment was administered without debridement.
- Conservative treatment successfully controlled the infection.
Implications:
- Adjacent level infections are a potential complication of spinal fusion.
- Prompt diagnosis and effective anti-infection strategies are vital for managing these infections.
Related Concept Videos
02:45Nuclear Fusion
33.9K
The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
33.9K
01:25Space Trusses
1.3K
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
1.3K
01:27State Space Representation
617
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
617
01:29Space Trusses: Problem Solving
919
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
919
01:23Transfer Function to State Space
820
State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
In an RLC...
820
01:21State Space to Transfer Function
598
The conversion of state-space representation to a transfer function is a fundamental process in system analysis. It provides a method for transitioning from a time-domain description to a frequency-domain representation, which is crucial for simplifying the analysis and design of control systems.
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
598