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miRNAs as Potential Treatment Targets and Treatment Options in Cancer

Nina Petrovic1,2, Sercan Ergun3,4

  • 1Department for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Alasa 12-14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. dragoninspiration@yahoo.com.

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy
|January 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise in cancer treatment by enhancing chemotherapy and radiotherapy efficacy. These small non-coding RNAs can be manipulated for targeted delivery, potentially improving cancer therapy success.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Standard cancer therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy lack specificity and efficacy against solid tumors.
  • These conventional treatments can cause significant side effects, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, play diverse roles in cancer, acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as adjuncts or standalone therapies in cancer treatment.
  • To investigate the role of miRNAs in modulating the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • To assess the feasibility of chemically modifying miRNAs for improved delivery and therapeutic application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on miRNA functions in cancer.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in relation to chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitivity.
  • Exploration of chemical modification strategies for miRNA delivery.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit tumor-suppressive and oncogenic functions in various cancer models.
  • Specific miRNA expression levels correlate with sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • Chemical modifications can enhance the stability and delivery of miRNAs for therapeutic use.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) hold significant potential to improve the efficacy of existing cancer treatments.
  • Targeted application of miRNAs, alone or in combination with standard therapies, could enhance cancer treatment outcomes.
  • Further research into miRNA-based therapies is warranted to overcome limitations of current cancer treatments.

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