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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Oral allergy syndrome (OAS), also known as pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS), is a common food allergy.
  • It is triggered by raw fruits, vegetables, nuts, and flavors, particularly in individuals with existing pollen allergies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of oral allergy syndrome (OAS).
  • To outline the diagnosis and treatment of OAS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of medical databases using keywords: "oral allergy syndrome," "OAS," "pollen-food allergy syndrome," "PFAS," "allergy," "diagnosis," "treatment."

Main Results:

  • OAS symptoms, primarily mouth and throat itching, appear rapidly after ingesting trigger foods and are short-lived.
  • The prevalence of OAS in pollen-allergic individuals is 5-8%, with 1-2% experiencing severe reactions like anaphylaxis.
  • Diagnosis involves a positive patient history and skin-prick tests with fresh food extracts; oral challenges confirm reactions to raw but not cooked foods.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with grass allergies may react to peaches, oranges, celery, tomatoes, and melons.
  • Ragweed allergy sufferers can experience OAS symptoms from melon, cucumber, banana, and zucchini.
  • Healthcare providers need to be aware of OAS and its management strategies.