[Training in basic and advanced laparoscopy: Evaluation of a 30-year experience in a training program in Spain.]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Surgical Education
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• Global standards for learning urological laparoscopy are lacking, yet techniques continue to evolve.
• Laparoscopic surgery has seen significant advancements and widespread adoption in various urological procedures over the last decade.
• Laparoscopy now coexists with robotic surgery, necessitating updated training paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the integration of diverse surgical techniques into laparoscopic learning programs.
• To analyze the evolution of urological laparoscopy training programs for hospital integration.
• To assess the effectiveness of training and evaluation methods in urological laparoscopy.

Main Methods:

• Review of 30 years of experience in urological laparoscopy training programs sponsored by the Spanish Association of Urology (AEU).
• Analysis of validity studies conducted to assess the evaluation capacity of laparoscopic skills (basic and advanced).
• Examination of current and future trends in training models, including competency-based approaches and simulation.

Main Results:

• Laparoscopic techniques have continuously evolved despite the absence of global standards.
• Training programs have adapted to incorporate new procedures like nephrectomy and pyeloplasty.
• Validity studies have been crucial in assessing the effectiveness of training and skill evaluation.

Conclusions:

• The evolution of urological laparoscopy necessitates adaptable and effective training programs.
• Competency-based training, tutor specialization, and simulation are key future trends.
• Standardized evaluation methods are essential for ensuring proficiency in laparoscopic urological surgery.