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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Impaired Visuospatial Short-Term Memory in Children with ADHD.
Tadamasa Narimoto1, Naomi Matsuura2, Michio Hiratani3
1a School of Psychology , Tokyo University of Social Welfare , Tokyo , Japan.
The Journal of Genetic Psychology
|January 17, 2018
Summary
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) struggle with visuospatial memory due to rapid memory decay, not inattention during learning. Inefficient rehearsal mechanisms impair memory trace maintenance.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit lower visuospatial memory performance compared to typically developing peers.
- Potential causes include inattention during encoding or deficits in temporary memory maintenance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the underlying causes of impaired visuospatial memory in children with ADHD.
- To differentiate between encoding deficits (inattention) and maintenance deficits (memory decay).
Main Methods:
- Utilized a spatial span test to assess visuospatial memory.
- Compared performance on immediate and delayed recall tasks.
- Analyzed attention during the encoding phase.
Main Results:
- Children with ADHD demonstrated sustained attention during the encoding phase.
- Delayed recall performance was significantly lower for children with ADHD compared to immediate recall.
- Delayed recall did not significantly impact performance in typically developing children.
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest that inefficient rehearsal contributes to fast memory trace decay in children with ADHD.
- This memory decay, rather than inattention during encoding, is a primary factor in their visuospatial memory difficulties.
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