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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Imaging the Human Immunological Synapse
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[Allergology and clinical immunology].

Yann Coattrenec1, Thomas Harr1, Carlo Chizzolini1

  • 1Service d'immunologie et d'allergologie, Département des spécialités de médecine, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|January 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

New therapies offer alternatives for hereditary angioedema (HA) long-term prophylaxis. These approaches may reduce reliance on glucocorticoids (GC), mitigating severe side effects associated with GC use.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hereditary angioedema (HA) is a serious genetic disorder.
  • Current HA management involves acute attack treatment and prophylaxis.
  • Long-term prophylaxis often relies on medications with significant side effects, such as glucocorticoids (GC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel therapeutic strategies for long-term hereditary angioedema (HA) prophylaxis.
  • To explore alternatives to glucocorticoids (GC) for managing recurrent HA attacks.
  • To discuss the potential of new agents in reducing GC-associated adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HA management and emerging therapies.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for novel prophylactic agents.

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  • Examination of treatment outcomes in related inflammatory conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Glucocorticoids (GC) are associated with severe side effects.
    • Tocilizumab, used with low-dose GC, reduced relapses in giant cell arteritis.
    • Anti-C5R therapy (avacopan) achieved remission rates comparable to high-dose GC in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Emerging therapies show promise for hereditary angioedema (HA) long-term prophylaxis.
    • These alternatives may offer improved safety profiles compared to traditional glucocorticoid (GC) treatments.
    • Further research is warranted to establish the efficacy and safety of these novel agents in HA patients.