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Murine Lymphocyte Labeling by 64Cu-Antibody Receptor Targeting for In Vivo Cell Trafficking by PET/CT
Published on: April 29, 2017
PET radiometals for antibody labeling
Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy1, Paul A Ellison1, Todd E Barnhart1
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Abstract:
Recent advances in molecular characterization of tumors have made possible the emergence of new types of cancer therapies where traditional cytotoxic drugs and nonspecific chemotherapy can be complemented with targeted molecular therapies. One of the main revolutionary treatments is the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that selectively target the disseminated tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. mAbs and related therapeutics can be efficiently radiolabeled with a wide range of radionuclides to facilitate preclinical and clinical studies. Non-invasive molecular imaging techniques, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), using radiolabeled mAbs provide useful information on the whole-body distribution of the biomolecules, which may enable patient stratification, diagnosis, selection of targeted therapies, evaluation of treatment response, and prediction of dose limiting tissue and adverse effects. In addition, when mAbs are labeled with therapeutic radionuclides, the combination of immunological and radiobiological cytotoxicity may result in enhanced treatment efficacy. The pharmacokinetic profile of antibodies demands the use of long half-life isotopes for longitudinal scrutiny of mAb biodistribution and precludes the use of well-stablished short half-life isotopes. Herein, we review the most promising PET radiometals with chemical and physical characteristics that make the appealing for mAb labeling, highlighting those with theranostic radioisotopes.
Insights
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offer targeted cancer therapy. Radiolabeled mAbs enable precise imaging and personalized treatment strategies, improving patient outcomes in oncology.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiochemistry
- Molecular Imaging
- Theranostics
Background:
- Molecular tumor characterization drives novel cancer therapies beyond traditional chemotherapy.
- Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) provide targeted cancer cell destruction, sparing healthy tissues.
- Radiolabeling enhances mAbs for preclinical and clinical molecular imaging and therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review promising positron emission tomography (PET) radiometals for monoclonal antibody (mAb) labeling.
- To highlight radiometals suitable for both diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications (theranostics).
- To discuss the importance of long half-life isotopes for antibody pharmacokinetic profiling.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on radiometals for mAb labeling.
- Analysis of chemical and physical characteristics of potential PET radiometals.
- Focus on isotopes suitable for theranostic applications.
Main Results:
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with radiolabeled mAbs offers non-invasive, whole-body biodistribution data.
- This imaging aids in patient stratification, diagnosis, therapy selection, and treatment response assessment.
- Therapeutic radionuclides combined with mAbs enhance treatment efficacy through dual cytotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- Radiolabeled mAbs are crucial tools in modern oncology, enabling precision medicine.
- Long half-life isotopes are essential for longitudinal monitoring of mAb biodistribution.
- Selected PET radiometals offer significant theranostic potential for integrated cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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