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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats
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Minimally-Invasive Neural Interface for Distributed Wireless Electrocorticogram Recording Systems.

Sun-Il Chang1, Sung-Yun Park2, Euisik Yoon3

  • 1Apple Incorporated, Cupertino, CA 95014, USA. sunil_chang@apple.com.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a compact, wireless neural interface for electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings. The system enables distributed brain monitoring with low power consumption and in-vivo recording capabilities.

Keywords:
Electrocorticogram (ECoG)intra-skin communication (ISCOM)low-noiselow-powerneural interfaceneural recordingpush-pull double-gated amplifier

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Electrocorticography (ECoG) is crucial for brain research and clinical applications.
  • Existing ECoG systems often face limitations in invasiveness, power consumption, and wireless data transmission.
  • There is a need for miniaturized, high-performance neural interfaces for distributed brain monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a minimally-invasive, wireless neural interface for distributed ECoG recording.
  • To integrate essential ECoG recording components into a miniaturized platform.
  • To demonstrate the system's capability for in-vivo neural activity recording and modular expandability.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a custom-made platform housing high-performance integrated circuits and a flexible microelectrode array.
  • Development of a core integrated circuit (IC) with 16-channel preamplifiers, SAR ADCs, and an intra-skin communication (ISCOM) module.
  • Utilizing 250 nm CMOS processes for IC fabrication, achieving miniaturization and low-power operation.
  • In-vivo testing of the system for multi-channel neural activity recording in a primate model.

Main Results:

  • The developed IC achieved low-power operation of 2.5 µW per channel.
  • Input-referred noise was measured at 5.62 µVrms (10 Hz to 10 kHz) with an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 7.21 at 31.25 kS/s.
  • The system successfully recorded multi-channel neural activities in vivo.
  • Demonstrated modular expandability using the ISCOM module with a total power consumption of 160 µW.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed minimally-invasive neural interface offers a viable solution for distributed wireless ECoG recording.
  • The system's miniaturization, low power consumption, and wireless data transmission via ISCOM are significant advancements.
  • This technology holds potential for enhanced brain monitoring in research and clinical settings.