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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

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By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
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Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Related Experiment Video

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Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Predicting tensorial electrophoretic effects in asymmetric colloids.

Aaron J Mowitz1, T A Witten1

  • 1Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

Physical Review. E
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a numerical method using Stokeslets to predict fluid flow around charged objects. The method accurately models the motion and electrophoretic mobility of spheres with various charge distributions.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Computational physics
  • Colloid science

Background:

  • Predicting the behavior of charged particles in fluids is crucial for understanding phenomena in biology and technology.
  • Existing methods often struggle with complex geometries and asymmetric charge distributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel numerical method for calculating the tensorial linear response of rigid, asymmetrically charged bodies to electric fields.
  • To accurately model fluid response to Stokes drag forces on bodies and countercharges.

Main Methods:

  • Representing bodies and countercharges with numerous Stokeslets (point sources of drag).
  • Determining fluid motion by finding drag forces consistent with relative Stokeslet velocities.
  • Ensuring the method satisfies the no-momentum-transfer condition between the object and fluid.

Main Results:

  • A sphere modeled with 1999 Stokeslets accurately replicates solid sphere flow and drag (1% accuracy).
  • A uniformly charged sphere with Stokeslets matches Smoluchowski's electrophoretic mobility prediction.
  • Spheres with dipole and quadrupole charges show accurate rotational and translational motion (≤4% error).

Conclusions:

  • The Stokeslet method effectively models fluid dynamics for asymmetrically charged objects.
  • This approach can characterize and manipulate colloid-scale objects in biological and technological applications.
  • The method is adaptable for general asymmetric shapes and charge distributions.