Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

4.6K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.6K
Exponential Functions with Base e01:30

Exponential Functions with Base e

269
Exponential functions with base e are essential for modeling continuous processes of growth and decay. The constant e, approximately 2.718, naturally arises in systems where change occurs proportionally to the current value. A positive exponent represents continuous growth, while a negative exponent represents continuous decay. These functions are especially useful for describing situations where change happens smoothly over time rather than in discrete steps.One clear example of exponential...
269
Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals01:18

Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals

764
The exponential function is crucial for characterizing waveforms that rise and decay rapidly. This continuous-time exponential function is defined using exponential terms with constants α and A. When both constants are real, the function is represented as,
764
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

16.3K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.3K
Exponential Growth01:29

Exponential Growth

73
Bacterial populations exhibit exponential growth when conditions such as nutrient availability and temperature are favorable. In this phase, cells reproduce through binary fission, where each cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This process causes the population to double at regular intervals, resulting in a growth rate that is directly proportional to the current number of cells. As the population increases, the number of new cells formed during each generation also grows, creating...
73
Introduction to Exponential Functions01:29

Introduction to Exponential Functions

433
Exponential functions are fundamental in modeling dynamic processes where the rate of change is proportional to the current value. Defined by f(x) = bx, where b is a positive constant not equal to one, they form the basis for describing processes of growth and decay depending on whether the base b is greater than or less than one.Exponential models describe situations where change occurs at a rate proportional to the current amount. These include phenomena such as bacterial proliferation,...
433

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Twist-controlled modulation of quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride.

Science advances·2026
Same author

<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> biofilm-deficient mutants undergo parallel evolution during chronic infection.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same author

Room-return ventilation and N95 respirator policies for reducing airborne pathogen exposure on hospital wards.

The Journal of hospital infection·2026
Same author

Extracellular membrane vesicles - previously unrecognized components of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biofilms.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Staphylococcus aureus biofilm extracellular DNA neutralizes the antimicrobial activity of histone H3.

NPJ biofilms and microbiomes·2026
Same author

Border quarantine, vaccination and public health measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 importations in Australia: a modelling study.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter
08:40

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter

Published on: May 16, 2019

10.3K

Network patterns in exponentially growing two-dimensional biofilms.

Cameron Zachreson1, Xinhui Yap2, Erin S Gloag2,3

  • 1School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia.

Physical Review. E
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical confinement of bacterial biofilms can create complex patterns, even without growth regulation. This study reveals how agar medium deformation drives pattern formation in 2D biofilms.

More Related Videos

High-resolution Patterned Biofilm Deposition Using pDawn-Ag43
07:47

High-resolution Patterned Biofilm Deposition Using pDawn-Ag43

Published on: October 23, 2018

9.8K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Mycobacterial Biofilm Protocols for Enhanced Bacterial Metabolism Research
04:26

Author Spotlight: Advancing Mycobacterial Biofilm Protocols for Enhanced Bacterial Metabolism Research

Published on: July 12, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter
08:40

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter

Published on: May 16, 2019

10.3K
High-resolution Patterned Biofilm Deposition Using pDawn-Ag43
07:47

High-resolution Patterned Biofilm Deposition Using pDawn-Ag43

Published on: October 23, 2018

9.8K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Mycobacterial Biofilm Protocols for Enhanced Bacterial Metabolism Research
04:26

Author Spotlight: Advancing Mycobacterial Biofilm Protocols for Enhanced Bacterial Metabolism Research

Published on: July 12, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional biofilms frequently exhibit anisotropic collective patterns during development.
  • These patterns are traditionally linked to nutrient/signaling gradients, growth regulation, and cell differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pattern formation in bacterial biofilms under confinement.
  • To determine if physical deformation of the environment can induce pattern formation independent of biological regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mathematical model simulating bacterial growth dynamics.
  • Focused on the physical interactions between the biofilm and its enclosing agar medium.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that confinement alone, without growth regulation or differentiation, can generate stable biofilm patterns.
  • Identified physical deformation of the agar medium as the key mechanism for pattern emergence.
  • Observed pattern formation occurring within experimental time scales.

Conclusions:

  • Physical forces and environmental deformation are significant factors in biofilm morphogenesis.
  • Pattern formation in biofilms can arise from physical interactions rather than solely biological processes.
  • The model provides a new perspective on understanding complex biofilm structures.