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Thyroid Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Imam Subekti1, Laurentius Aswin Pramono, Esthika Dewiasty

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. isubekti@yahoo.com.

Acta Medica Indonesiana
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid dysfunction affects nearly 10% of Indonesian type 2 diabetes patients, with hypothyroidism being more common. Early screening for thyroid issues is recommended for comprehensive diabetes management.

Keywords:
hyperthyroidismhypothyroidismthyroid dysfunctiontype 2 diabetes mellitus

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is more prevalent in diabetes mellitus patients compared to the general population.
  • Limited research exists on the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism among Indonesian diabetics.
  • This study addresses the gap by investigating thyroid dysfunction in Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and characteristics of thyroid dysfunction in Indonesian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • To identify the proportions of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism within this specific patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between July and September 2015.
  • Participants included type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 18 years and older who consented to thyroid laboratory testing.
  • Hypothyroidism was defined as TSH > 4.0 mIU/L and hyperthyroidism as TSH < 0.4 mIU/L using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (eCLIA).

Main Results:

  • Out of 303 analyzed subjects, 90.1% were euthyroid, 7.59% hypothyroid, and 2.31% hyperthyroid.
  • Subclinical hypothyroidism was prevalent, affecting 56.5% (Zulewski and Billewicz Score) to 65.2% (fT4).
  • Clinical hyperthyroidism was observed in 42.9% (clinical appearance) to 71.4% (fT4).

Conclusions:

  • The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was 9.9%, with hypothyroidism at 7.59% and hyperthyroidism at 2.31%.
  • Screening for thyroid dysfunction is advised in high-risk conditions as an integral part of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • These findings highlight the importance of integrated care for diabetic patients, including monitoring thyroid health.