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Temperature-Dependent Species Interactions Shape Priority Effects and the Persistence of Unequal Competitors
The American Naturalist
|January 20, 2018
Summary
Warming amplifies priority effects in aphid-milkweed interactions. Early arriving aphids strongly impact milkweed, leading to competitive exclusion of late arrivals, especially under higher temperatures.
Area of Science:
- Ecology
- Environmental Science
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Species arrival order influences competitive outcomes through priority effects.
- Priority effects are hypothesized to intensify at higher temperatures due to increased vital rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of temperature on priority effects between two congeneric aphid species on milkweed.
- To determine how warming affects aphid population dynamics, milkweed health, and interspecific competition.
Main Methods:
- Experimental manipulation of temperature and aphid species arrival order.
- Monitoring of aphid population dynamics, milkweed survival, and plant defensive traits.
Main Results:
- Warming amplified aphid impacts on milkweed quantity and quality.
- Priority effects were strengthened under warming, increasing competitive exclusion of late-arriving aphids.
- Warming enhanced interspecific differences in aphid dispersal.
Conclusions:
- Temperature significantly modulates priority effects in ecological communities.
- Warming-induced changes in trophic interactions and dispersal can alter community structure and diversity.
- Findings link temperature-dependent interactions, priority effects, and dispersal dynamics.
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