Conductive bacterial cellulose-polyaniline blends: Influence of the matrix and synthesis conditions

Bacterial cellulose/polyaniline (BC/PANi) blends present a great potential for several applications. The current study evaluates the impact of using different BC matrixes (drained, freeze-dried and regenerated) and different synthesis conditions (in situ and ex situ) to improve the inherent properties of BC, which were monitored through FTIR-ATR, EDX, XRD, SEM, AFM, swelling, contact angle measurement and IGC. The employment of in situ polymerization onto drained BC presented the most conductive membrane (1.4 × 10^-1 S/cm). The crystallinity, swelling capacity, surface energy and acid/base behavior of the BC membranes is substantially modified upon PANi incorporation, being dependent on the BC matrix used, being the freeze-dried BC blends the ones with highest crystallinity (up to 54%), swelling capacity (up to 414%) and surface energy (up to 75.0 mJ/m²). Hence, this work evidenced that the final properties of the BC/PANi blends are greatly influenced by both the BC matrixes and synthesis methods employed.