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Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
Published on: May 10, 2017
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Imaging evaluation of trigeminal neuralgia
Marinos Kontzialis1, Mehmet Kocak1
1Department of Radiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry
|January 23, 2018
Summary
Trigeminal neuralgia, a severe facial pain condition, is often caused by blood vessel compression of the trigeminal nerve. Other lesions affecting the nerve can also cause this debilitating pain.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neurosurgery
- Pain Medicine
Background:
- Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating pain syndrome affecting the trigeminal nerve's sensory distribution.
- Vascular compression, typically by an artery, of the cisternal trigeminal nerve is the most frequent etiology.
- Facial pain can also result from various lesions impacting the trigeminal nerve throughout its course.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the differential diagnoses for trigeminal neuralgia.
- To discuss lesions affecting the trigeminal nerve beyond vascular compression.
- To consider pathologies from the brainstem to peripheral branches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of trigeminal neuralgia causes.
- Analysis of differential diagnoses for facial pain syndromes.
- Examination of neuroanatomical pathways of the trigeminal nerve.
Main Results:
- Vascular compression is the primary cause of trigeminal neuralgia.
- Diverse lesions, including tumors and demyelinating diseases, can mimic or cause trigeminal neuralgia.
- Differential diagnosis requires consideration of pathologies at all levels of the trigeminal nerve pathway.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the varied etiologies of trigeminal neuralgia is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
- Comprehensive evaluation, considering proximal and distal lesions, is necessary for effective management.
- Further research into less common causes may improve treatment strategies.
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