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Related Concept Videos

Action Potentials01:41

Action Potentials

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Overview
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Action Potential01:31

Action Potential

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
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Action Potential01:14

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
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Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

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The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
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Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
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Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation01:28

Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation

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The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
Resting Phase:
In this phase, the cell's membrane is at its resting potential, typically around -70 millivolts (mV) for neurons. Inside the cell, there is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K+) and a lower concentration of sodium ions (Na+). Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed, and...
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Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
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Modeling specific action potentials in the human atria based on a minimal single-cell model.

Yvonne Richter1, Pedro G Lind1, Philipp Maass1

  • 1Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.

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|January 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study models patient-specific atrial action potentials using an adapted minimal electrophysiology model. The method accurately reproduces action potential characteristics, aiding in clinical diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Accurate modeling of human atrial electrophysiology is crucial for understanding cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Existing models may not fully capture patient-specific variations in action potentials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an effective method for modeling empirical action potentials in human atria.
  • To adapt the Bueno-Orovio, Cherry, and Fenton minimal model for atrial electrophysiology.
  • To enable the reproduction of patient-specific action potential characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted the Bueno-Orovio, Cherry, and Fenton minimal model to atrial electrophysiology.
  • Introduced three ionic currents, each with a characteristic time scale.
  • Employed a nonlinear optimization procedure to determine optimal time scales.

Main Results:

  • Successfully reproduced specific patient action potentials, matching amplitude, width, and shape.
  • The adapted model effectively captures empirical atrial action potential dynamics.
  • Identified optimal combinations of ionic current time scales.

Conclusions:

  • The presented method provides an effective approach for patient-specific atrial action potential modeling.
  • This modeling technique has potential applications in supporting clinical diagnosis of cardiac conditions.
  • The adapted minimal model offers a valuable tool for research in atrial electrophysiology.