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Using the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus, in Vision Research
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Multiple colonist pools shape fiddler crab-associated bacterial communities.

Catalina Cuellar-Gempeler1, Mathew A Leibold2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA. ccuellar@bio.fsu.edu.

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Multiple sediment types act as distinct sources of bacteria for fiddler crabs. Burrow bacteria colonize crab shells, while gut bacteria are influenced by both burrow and surface sediments, impacting local microbial communities.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Community Assembly

Background:

  • Colonization is crucial for community assembly, introducing new species and individuals.
  • Local communities often face multiple, dynamic sources of colonists, but their interactions are poorly understood.
  • Fiddler crabs provide a model system to study how diverse microbial pools shape associated bacterial communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of different sediment types as distinct microbial colonist pools for fiddler crabs.
  • To determine how these pools influence the bacterial communities on crab carapaces and in their guts.
  • To understand the interplay between regional (sediment) and local (crab) factors in structuring microbial communities.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to profile bacterial communities in surface, subsurface, and burrow sediments.
  • Bacterial composition differences among sediment types were analyzed.
  • Colonization patterns of crab carapace and gut bacteria were linked to sediment microbial pools.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in bacterial composition were observed across sediment types, with distinct taxa dominating each habitat.
  • Bacteria from burrow sediments were identified as colonizers of the crab carapace.
  • Both burrow and surface sediments contributed to the colonization of the crab gut microbiome.
  • Carapace bacterial communities showed distinct clustering related to crab species, while gut communities did not exhibit significant clustering despite varied influences.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple colonist pools can significantly influence local microbial communities associated with fiddler crabs.
  • The relative importance of different colonist pools and local habitat factors varies between the crab carapace and gut.
  • Understanding the dynamics of multiple colonist pools is essential for comprehending regional and local processes driving microbial community structure and diversity.