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Thyroid dysfunction in Down's syndrome.

M M Loudon, R E Day, E M Duke

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |December 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune thyroid disease are common in children with Down syndrome. Many children with Down syndrome and their families have a higher incidence of thyroid autoantibodies and autoimmune conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Genetics
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Down syndrome is associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disorders.
    • Thyroid dysfunction is a known complication in individuals with Down syndrome.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of clinical and laboratory evidence of thyroid dysfunction in children with Down syndrome.
    • To assess the incidence of thyroid autoantibodies and family history of autoimmune conditions in this population.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical examination and laboratory testing for thyroid dysfunction in 116 children with Down syndrome.
    • Assessment of thyroid autoantibodies.
    • Family history of autoimmune conditions was recorded.

    Main Results:

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    • Three children (2.6%) were hypothyroid, and one (0.9%) was hyperthyroid.
    • Twenty-eight children (29%) had thyroid autoantibodies.
    • First or second-degree relatives of 35% of children had autoimmune conditions, with 15% having thyroid disorders.
    • Control families showed a 30% incidence of autoimmune conditions and 16% overt thyroid disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Children with Down syndrome exhibit a significant prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoantibodies.
    • A family history of autoimmune conditions, particularly thyroid disorders, is common in families of children with Down syndrome.
    • These findings underscore the importance of regular thyroid screening in children with Down syndrome.