Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

What is a Mode?

What is a Mode?

The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...

Internal Energy

Internal Energy

The total of all possible kinds of energy present in a substance is called the internal energy (U), sometimes symbolized as E. Suppose a system with initial internal energy, Uinitial, undergoes a change in energy (transfer of work or heat), and the final internal energy of the system is Ufinal. Change in internal energy equals the difference between Ufinal and Uinitial.

Internal Receptors

Internal Receptors

Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.

Protein Networks

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

Ventilatory Modes

Ventilatory Modes

Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...

Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Shifts in the brain sex continuum in major depressive disorder: Evidence for a persistent neurobiological marker.

Journal of affective disorders·2026

Same author

Multimodal fusion of brain imaging and proteomics reveals a brain-body pathway linking depression and metabolic dysfunction.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same author

Set-shifting and task-switching make differential contributions to divergent thinking in adolescence.

BMC psychology·2026

Same author

Accelerated continuous theta burst stimulation targeting left primary motor cortex for children with autism spectrum disorder: multicentre randomised sham controlled trial.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2026

Same author

The Experiences of People With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Attending Emergency Departments in England.

The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation·2026

Same author

The association between prenatal exposure to cannabis with and without tobacco and early cognitive and language development in a sample of polysubstance-exposed children.

Early human development·2026

Same journal

Cross-Subject Event-Related Potential Classification via Multi-View Based Contrastive Learning.

Brain connectivity·2026

Same journal

Clinical Correlates of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Military Personnel with Adulthood-Onset War-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Brain connectivity·2026

Same journal

Meditation Enhances Small-World Network Efficiency: MEG-Based Evidence from Attention and Control Systems.

Brain connectivity·2026

Same journal

Tinnitus Brain: A Functional Reorganization?

Brain connectivity·2026

Same journal

Examining the Neural and Behavioral Impact of Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in People with Opioid Use Disorder Who Smoke Tobacco Cigarettes: A Pilot Study.

Brain connectivity·2026

Same journal

Fingerprints Beyond Averages: The Temporal Architecture of Individual Brain Connectivity.

Brain connectivity·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

Default Mode Network Engagement Beyond Self-Referential Internal Mentation.

Deniz Vatansever^1,2,3,4, Anne Manktelow¹, Barbara J Sahakian³

¹1 Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, United Kingdom .

Brain Connectivity

|January 26, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The default mode network (DMN) is involved in complex planning tasks, not just internal thought. This brain network shows connectivity changes during visuospatial planning, challenging previous assumptions.

Keywords:

caudate default mode network functional connectivity planning posterior cingulate cortex precuneus

More Related Videos

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Published on: December 28, 2010

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Published on: December 28, 2010

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

The default mode network (DMN) is traditionally linked to internal mentation and self-referential processing.
Emerging evidence suggests the DMN's role extends to higher cognitive functions beyond internal thought.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the DMN's involvement in goal-oriented, externally directed cognitive tasks.
To examine DMN connectivity changes during a visuospatial planning task.

Main Methods:

Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain activity.
Employed a visuospatial version of the Tower of London planning task.
Analyzed global connectivity changes centered on DMN hubs (precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex).

Main Results:

Observed global connectivity changes in DMN hubs during the planning task.
Found a significant relationship between DMN-PCC connectivity and reaction time in high-demand planning.
Demonstrated DMN engagement in visuospatial planning, particularly with the left caudate.

Conclusions:

The DMN is engaged in attention-demanding, externally directed tasks like visuospatial planning.
Challenges the notion that the DMN is disengaged during such tasks.
Suggests a broader role for the DMN in cognition, potentially including memory functions beyond self-referential mentation.