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Updated: Feb 15, 2026
09:54
Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
Published on: December 3, 2019
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HIV Reactivation after Partial Protection by Neutralizing Antibodies
Matthew S Parsons1, Deborah Cromer2, Miles P Davenport2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Trends in Immunology
|January 26, 2018
Summary
Broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (BnAbs) may not fully prevent HIV infection, potentially leading to latent infections. These infections could reactivate later, impacting long-term HIV immunity strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (BnAbs) show promise for HIV prevention based on in vitro and macaque studies.
- BnAbs primarily target cell-free HIV, preventing viral entry into host cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential for broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies (BnAbs) to induce latent HIV infections.
- To assess the implications of BnAb-mediated HIV suppression on long-term sterilizing immunity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing in vitro and in vivo macaque data on BnAb efficacy.
- Speculative analysis of BnAb mechanisms against cell-associated and cell-to-cell HIV transmission.
Main Results:
- BnAbs appear less effective against cell-associated HIV exposure compared to cell-free virus.
- BnAb-mediated suppression of transmission might lead to occult, latent HIV infections in some individuals.
Conclusions:
- Latent HIV infections induced by BnAbs could reactivate upon declining antibody levels.
- This phenomenon presents challenges for achieving long-term sterilizing immunity against HIV.
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