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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
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Temporally stable frequency mapping using continuous wavelet transform analysis in patients with persistent atrial

Akira Kimata1,2, Yasuhiro Yokoyama2, Satoshi Aita1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|January 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Continuous wavelet transform (CWT) analysis identifies stable atrial fibrillation frequencies, improving ablation success. Identifying the highest stable pseudo-frequency (sPF) within pulmonary veins predicts better outcomes for persistent AF patients.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationcatheter ablationcontinuous wavelet transformfrequency analysismapping

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Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

  • Dominant frequency (DF) analysis using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has limitations in guiding atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation due to temporal instability.
  • Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) offers a method to analyze frequency stability over time, potentially overcoming FFT's limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of CWT analysis in identifying stable frequencies for guiding AF ablation.
  • To compare the success rates of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) based on the location of the highest stable pseudo-frequency (sPF) identified by CWT.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-four patients with persistent AF (PeAF) underwent first-time PVI.
  • Electrograms (EGMs) were analyzed using CWT to calculate pseudo-frequency (PF) and coefficient of variation (CV). Temporally stable PF (sPF) was defined as CV ≤ 10.
  • DF was calculated using FFT from the initial 5 seconds of EGMs.

Main Results:

  • The highest sPF was located inside the pulmonary veins (PVs) in 20 patients and at non-PV sites in 24 patients.
  • Ablation success rates were significantly higher in the PV group (90%) compared to the non-PV group (62%, P=0.023).
  • The location of the highest DF did not significantly impact ablation success.

Conclusions:

  • PVI success for PeAF is significantly better when the highest sPF is located within the PVs compared to non-PV sites.
  • CWT analysis during AF can help determine if PVI alone is sufficient for first-time ablation in PeAF patients.